Towards a Modular Digital Twin Microservice Architecture for Urban Multi-Energy Systems

This paper proposes a formal definition of Digital Twins (DTs) and presents general Building Blocks (BBs) advocating for a microservice architecture. The BBs are categorized into data pipeline, trust and security, and service components. The definition arises from a list of DT requirements for Multi-Energy System (MES) applications and Use Cases (UCs). To create this requirements list, existing DT architectures and concepts are examined for their UCs and requirements that they fulfill.