Residential demand-side flexibility provision under a multi-level segmented tariff

This paper proposes a multi-level segmented tariff to encourage consumers to provide demand response using a battery. The aim of the tariff is to (i) properly reflect consumers’ contribution to the distribution grid cost while ensuring cost recovery for the distribution network operator and (ii) to provide consumers with a financial incentive to flatten their load profile and avoid peak demand. An optimization problem is formulated to describe how consumers can provide demand response by managing their batteries. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed multi-level segmented tariff, four case studies were conducted. The results indicate that the multi-level segmented tariff is the most effective in reducing coincident peak demand, with a reduction of 22%. Policymakers and regulators are recommended to consider multi-level segmented distribution tariffs, as it provides an incentive to consumers to manage their assets to provide demand response.