Indonesian Sorghum Genetic Diversities Based on Simple Sequence Repeat Markers

Information on genetic diversity can be obtained by analyzing molecular data using bioinformatics. Molecular data of 15 sorghum varieties based on 38 SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) markers were analyzed to obtain PIC (Polymorphic Information Content), genetic diversity, and phylogenetic tree. Genetic information in the form of the number of alleles (Na), heterozygosity value observed (Ho), and gene diversity or heterozygosity expected (He). Phylogenetic tree analysis was conducted using the Neighbor-Joining (NJ) method. The analysis showed that the primers used were very informative for detecting sorghum genetic diversity with an average PIC value of 0.54. The number of alleles obtained was 142 from 38 primers and the average number of alleles per primer was 3.82. The phylogenetic tree obtained showed that fifteen sorghum were divided into three clusters, and only the Samurai 2 variety was included in the third cluster. Genetic diversity brought was in the high category with a He value of 0.57. This genetic diversity information can be used to develop breeding strategies and conservation programs of sorghum.