Multipath Routing Based on Energy Centric Modified Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm with Inertia Weight to Improve Cross Layer Performance in MANETs

Developing energy-efficient control techniques is vital for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) longevity. Effective routing systems, considering variables like channel assumptions and traffic load, are crucial for addressing power-related issues throughout the stack. To address these issues, an Energy Centric Modified Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm (EC-MSFLA) is proposed to improve the cross layer routing in MANETS. Metrics such as Residual Energy (RE), Communication cost, Mobility, and Data Success Rate (DSR) are measured to estimate the fitness function of the EC-MSFLA. Further, an Adaptive Competition Window (ACW) is used to reduce the energy consumption. The performance of the proposed EC-MSFLA is compared with the existing methods such as an Energy Efficient Secure Cross-layer routing protocol with Particle Swarm Optimization (ESCL-PSO), and Energy Efficient Disjoint Multipath Routing Protocol using Simulated Annealing (EEDMRSA) by means of Packet Delivery Rate (PDR), End-to-End Delay (EED), routing overhead, and Energy Consumption. Results demonstrated that the energy consumption of EC-MSFLA is 2.92 Joules for 50 nodes when compared to ESCL-PSO and EEDMRSA.