Influence of Scattering Order on ILS Localizer Using Ray-Tracing Method

This paper discusses the influence of the scattering order of electromagnetic waves on the performance of the ray-tracing method (RTM). ILS Localizer (LOC) is a ground-based navigation aid to guide aircraft in airports. LOC emits analogue signals, and transmitted signals are distorted by multipaths caused by obstacles. To numerically simulate the interference of electromagnetic waves in ILS systems, an appropriate scattering order must be considered to obtain results close to the actual values. In this paper, we show differences of scattering orders and their effects on the numerical results of RTM. Based on the numerical results, we discuss the elements of the electromagnetic field that are vitally important in simulating LOC signal interference using RTM.