Metaheuristic Optimization for Sustainable Unrelated Parallel Machine Scheduling: A Concise Overview With a Proof-of-Concept Study

Sustainable development has emerged as a global priority, and industries are increasingly striving to align their operations with sustainable practices. Parallel machine scheduling (PMS) is a critical aspect of production planning that directly impacts resource utilization and operational efficiency. In this paper, we investigate the application of metaheuristic optimization algorithms to address the unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem (UPMSP) through the lens of sustainable development goals (SDGs). The primary objective of this study is to explore how metaheuristic optimization algorithms can contribute to achieving sustainable development goals in the context of UPMSP. We examine a range of metaheuristic algorithms, including genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, ant colony optimization, and more, and assess their effectiveness in optimizing the scheduling problem at hand. The evaluation of the algorithms focuses on their ability to improve the optimization of job-to-machine assignments, enabling industries to efficiently minimize the overall makespan of scheduling tasks. This, in turn, leads to waste reduction and enhanced energy efficiency. To conduct a comprehensive analysis, we consider UPMSP instances that incorporate sustainability-related constraints and objectives. We assess the algorithms’ performance in terms of solution quality, convergence speed, robustness, and scalability, while also examining their implications for sustainable resource allocation and environmental stewardship. The findings of this study provide insights into the efficacy of metaheuristic optimization algorithms for addressing UPMSP with a focus on sustainable development goals. By leveraging these algorithms, industries can optimize scheduling decisions to minimize waste and enhance energy efficiency. The practical implications of this research are valuable for decision-makers, production planners, and researchers seeking to achieve sustainable development goals in the context of unrelated parallel machine scheduling. By embracing metaheuristic optimization algorithms, businesses can optimize their scheduling processes while aligning with sustainable principles, leading to improved operational efficiency, cost savings, and a positive contribution to the global sustainability agenda.