IoT Revolutionizing Healthcare: A Survey of Smart Healthcare System Architectures

The Internet of Things (IoT) has had a profound impact on the healthcare sector by paving the way for the creation of smart healthcare systems that improve patient monitoring, diagnosis, and individualized care. The purpose of this study is to provide a review of the state of the art in IoT-based healthcare system architectures. In this study, we take a look at the current state of the art of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, protocols, and communication models used in healthcare settings. The survey digs into the roles and interconnections of key components and layers of IoT architecture, such as sensor nodes, gateways, cloud platforms, and data analytics, in a smart healthcare ecosystem. Furthermore, it investigates the potential for incorporating wearable devices, medical sensors, and other smart healthcare gadgets that enable real - time data gathering and transmission. In addition, the paper explores the dangers and vulnerabilities inherent in IoT - based healthcare systems, as well as the current solutions available for addressing these issues and safeguarding sensitive patient data. The challenges of interoperability and standardization are also explored in order to guarantee the smooth integration and communication of various healthcare equipment and systems. Using examples like remote patient monitoring, chronic illness management, fall detection, and elderly care, the survey emphasizes the beneficial effects of IoT on patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency.