Internet of Things Security: A Review on Challenges, Solutions and Research Directions

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a highly diverse system of services and technologies. However, the lack of a suitable processing platform can result in inappropriate outputs when transferring the large volume of heterogeneous data generated by devices to users. Ensuring the reliability of processed data is fundamental for maintaining integrity and reliability in IoT systems. As the number of connected devices increases, so does the risk of cyber-attacks. Hackers exploit vulnerabilities through methods like denial-of-service attacks, malicious emails, viruses, and Trojans, compromising IoT devices for their advantage. Recent studies indicate that 70% of IoT devices are vulnerable to attacks. Enhancing IoT security involves methods such as data encryption, security updates, security protocols, access control, and secure networks. Educating and raising awareness among users also plays a crucial role. Addressing these aspects and employing appropriate security measures are key to improving IoT security. This article reviews IoT challenges, security improvement methods, and future directions. Attention to data encryption, security updates, security protocols, access control, and secure networks is essential for enhancing IoT security.