Pioneering Efficient Blockchain in IoT: A Review of Tailored Protocols for Modern Devices

The dawn of the digital age has transformed our world, with the Internet of Things (IoT) at its heart, where billions of devices are seamlessly connected. Essential to the vision of smart cities these devices deliver convenience, though not without drawbacks, and also pose a serious security risk. This paper dives deeper into the potential of blockchain - a decentralized ledger system - as a solution to these challenges, specifically focusing on its adaptability to IoT constraints. Through detailed analysis we conduct few key experiments to map the landscape that blockchain protocols are optimized for IoT and we discuss their features and shortcomings. These reviews cover policies from managing secure transactions to verifying payments, approving channels, and more. Despite the promise these protocols show, the use of blockchain in the IoT is fraught with challenges, mainly due to the limited features of many IoT devices, and, while blockchain promises security communicatively, it does not protect against all possible threats such as physical changes. The purpose of the paper is to compare these protocols and give the readers a panoramic view on the convergence of IoT and blockchain. Looking ahead, the research will focus on how to adapt to the ever-evolving world of IoT and address existing challenges, ensuring a future where our devices are better connected and it is safe.