Adaptive VSG Control with Coefficient Optimization via Improved Particle Swarm Algorithm

Virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control simulates the external characteristics of synchronous generators (SG) so that can provide inertia and frequency support to the grid in the similar behaviors of SGs. The classic VSG control use the fixed control parameters, which, however does not take advantage of the potential of fast-response feature of the power electronics. Basing on the stability features of the power system with high penetrations of inverter-based sources, the paper proposes an adaptive VSG control strategy with the virtual inertia and damping coefficients adaptively varied according to dynamic frequency of the power system. The paper analyses the effect of the proposed adaptive VSG control through the root-loci method and the small-signal stability analysis. The coefficients of the adaptive control can be optimized through the particle swarm algorithm to fulfill the best potential of the control on improving the frequency stability of the power system. A micro-grid model is served to validate the proposed adaptive VSG control and the coefficient optimization method.