Smart Cities: Exploring the Advancement and Challenges in Urbanization

The concept of “smart cities” emerged in reaction to the worsening challenges associated with urbanization during the previous few decades. Smart cities utilize cutting-edge techniques and technology to enhance resource management and the standard of living for its residents. This research looks at the progress and challenges of smart cities, as well as their benefits, implementation strategies, and potential drawbacks. Future urbanization trends, difficulties, and potential solutions are all discussed, and the literature on “smart cities” is thoroughly analyzed in this study. Progress toward a “smart city” is evident in many spheres, such as government services, utilities, infrastructure, public spaces, and healthcare. Smart transportation systems utilize intelligent traffic management, real-time transit information, and smart parking systems to improve traffic flow, reduce congestion, and elevate public transportation. Reduced energy consumption can be achieved by the effective use of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. This is made easier by today's energy management systems. Smart cities use cutting-edge technology to control waste, increase recycling rates, and track environmental indicators like air and water quality. They employ state-of-the-art surveillance equipment and predictive analytics to increase public safety and decrease criminal activity. Healthy lifestyles are encouraged and remote medical treatment is made available in smart cities thanks to technological advancements.