Performance Evaluation of Effective Cluster Head Selection and Maintenance for LTE Based Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks

Long Term Evolution (LTE) is one among the cellular technology that greatly helps to enhance the performance of the Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) environment. In general VANETs perform vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications to exchange the information among the network using dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) with IEEE 802.11p. Due to the special characteristics such as high speed mobility and frequently changing topology, efficiency of the network is highly reduced to overcome such drawback LTE-V2X is introduced in VANETs. Currently the communication in LTE-VANETs are performed using ordinary vehicles (OV), relay vehicles (RV) and vehicular gateways (VG) to handle the different packet transmission cases. To improve the energy efficiency in this research Effective Cluster Head Selection and Maintenance (ECSML) is proposed in LTE-VANETs where cluster head (CH) selection is performed using the parameters such as position difference, speed variation and acceleration variation. Due to this effective CH selection and maintenance process the energy efficiency and network delay is highly reduce during the time data transmission in the network which leads to the increase of energy efficiency and lifetime. The simulation of the proposed ECSML-VANETs is performed using NS2 and SUMO. The parameters which are used for the performance analysis are energy efficiency, packet delivery ratio, end to end delay and energy consumption. To perform comparative analysis the earlier protocol which are considered are CV2X-VANET and EGSS-VANET. From the results it is proven that the proposed ECSML-VANETs protocol achieves higher energy efficiency, packet delivery ratio as well as lower end to end delay and energy consumption when compared with the earlier protocols.