Optimal Sizing of PV and Diesel Generator for Remote Microgrids: A Case Study in PV Integration and Power Management in Sangihe Island

Remote microgrids that rely on photovoltaic (PV) and diesel generator systems are becoming increasingly popular as a reliable and sustainable power source for off-grid communities. However, one of the primary challenges in designing and operating such microgrids is determining the optimal sizing of the PV and diesel generator components. In this paper, we present a methodology for optimizing the sizing of PV and diesel generator components for remote microgrids, with a focus on minimizing the cost of energy while ensuring reliable and stable operation. The approach considers factors such as solar irradiance, load demand, battery storage capacity, and fuel costs, and includes a dynamic power management algorithm to balance power supply and demand in real-time. From the optimal sizing research for specific case in Sangihe Island, the sizing is obtained at 18880 kWp of PV, rather than 1300 kWp. The simulation using optimal sizing could fill the battery needs in 17 consecutive sunny days and could supply an entire 4 consecutive rainy days.