Resource Allocations for Coexisting eMBB and URLLC Services in Multi-UAV Aided Communication Networks for Cellular Offloading

Enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) and ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) are the two prominent services of emerging beyond fifth-generation (B5G) or sixth-generation (6G) communication networks. For enhanced coverage and connectivity, a novel framework with cellular offloading under the aid of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is proposed. The eMBB services aspire for maximum data rates whereas latency and reliability are the major constraints for URLLC users. In this study, we explored the multiplexing of eMBB and URLLC services under the proposed framework, with the objective of maximizing proportional fairness across eMBB users while fulfilling the provisions of URLLC users. Initially, the UAVs have to be deployed with respect to user distribution. To accomplish this, we have implemented a clustering algorithm that uses K-means++ methodology to divide users into distinct groups. At the beginning of the time slot for eMBB resource allocation, a scheduling algorithm with low complexity is proposed. A stability-based matching algorithm is proposed for URLLC resource allocation to evaluate suitable eMBB URLLC pairs for superposition. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is implemented to further enhance the system throughput by adopting the superposition technique. Lastly, the proposed methodology's significance over other standard methods is demonstrated through numerical simulations that measure the system's throughput, minimum expected achieved rate (MEAR), and fairness index among eMBB users.