A Review of LiFi Technology: Principles and Applications

Recently, there has been a significant increase in transmitted data as a result of the growth of the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) in all aspects of life. This growth has increased the demand for wireless bandwidth exponentially. This exponential demand cannot be met by the current radio frequency (RF) because of its limited spectrum. However, Light Fidelity (LiFi) technology is a wireless optical communication technology that is characterized by its very wide spectrum with maintaining confidentiality and reliability. Therefore, the research interest regarding wireless optical communication for indoor and outdoor environments has increased in recent years. This paper reviews the technology of the LiFi and presents the concepts in several aspects. These aspects include LiFi working principle and applications of LiFi. It also provides visualizations of practical uses of LiFi in the IoT and channel models. Other related research paths have been illustrated such as multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), modulation techniques, environment, LiFi challenges, front-end equipment, and hybrid systems. The current review presents enough coverage on the advancing edge of LiFi technology to help illustrate a clear technical roadmap for the LiFi community.