Timing-Aware Software-in-the-Loop Simulation of Automotive Applications with FMI 3.0

In embedded real-time automotive systems, Software-in-the-Loop (SiL) represents the state-of-the-art for testing software code at design time. SiL environments focus on testing the functional software behaviour, typically neglecting the timing non-idealities introduced by the target embedded hardware. This separation of concerns prevents a credible virtual testing and validation of time-critical systems.In this paper, we propose an industry-viable modular co-simulation architecture based on the Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI) 3.0 standard, coupling timing simulation and functional simulations to obtain a timing-aware functional simulation of automotive applications. The proposed method enables an evaluation of the behaviour of functional software on the target hardware earlier in the development process. Also, our solution allows for the co-simulation of submodels generated with different tools, with minimal modifications required. Ultimately, this approach enables front-loading of development efforts, leading to reduced costs and time to market. A case study is presented to show a detailed examination of the proposed architecture.