AR-Classroom: Augmented Reality Technology for Learning 3D Spatial Transformations and Their Matrix Representation

Project AR-Classroom aims to enhance undergraduate students learning spatial transformations and their mathematical representations. Understanding closely allied spatial and mathematical concepts significantly contributes to STEM learning in fields of computer graphics, computer-aided design, computer vision, robotics, and many more. The technology and learning innovations of this research include novel AR features and their implications for learning. In AR-Classroom, a student can hold and manipulate a 3D physical model (a LEGO space shuttle as an example) while simultaneously interacting with AR visualization of 3D rotations. Two usability tests with 24 participants total have been conducted for AR-Classroom leading to promising results and recommendations for improvements. The project contributes to advancing our knowledge in (1) the role of interplay between physical and virtual manipulatives to engage students in embodied learning and (2) the features of AR to make difficult, invisible concepts visible for supporting an intuitive and formal understanding of spatial reasoning and mathematical formulation.