Pitch and Heading Angles Estimation by Airplane Trajectory Data Available in ADS-B

A number of Automatic Dependent Surveillance- Broadcast (ADS-B) applications is increasing every year. Nowadays each airspace user should be equipped with a transponder of mode 1090ES to identify itself in the air traffic. Vary of settings of on-board transponders provides a different list of parameters for sharing. The most common parameters include a unique identification code of user and a position report including latitude, longitude, and pressure altitude. Missing airplane orientation angles in ADS-B data set could be a problem for tasks of air traffic surveillance and airplane visualization in flight simulator software. Also, orientation angles could improve performance of traj ectory filtering and prediction of airplane position in real-time data processing. In the paper, we consider calculation of pitch and heading angles based on trajectory data obtained by ADS-B. Also, analytical formulas for airplane orientation angles calculation based on ADS-B data are proposed in the paper. ADS-B trajectory data usually are not synchronized and include multiple gaps. A linear regression model with B-splines functions is used for trajectory data interpolation for a given time series. Also, surveillance data are used for vertical and ground speed calculation. Calculated orientation angles and interpolated position data form an array of six Degrees of Freedom (6DoF), which is widely used in different visualization tools.