EBi2 ER Protocol for Self-Sustainable UAV-Assisted Wireless Networks

This letter proposes the energy borrowing assisted integrated information and energy relaying (EBi2ER) protocol for wireless powered communication. The EBi2ER protocol enables energy borrowing from the power grid to create a self-sustainable network assisted by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) as a relay for energy or information transfer. A penalty constant is used to deter excessive borrowing and ensure that the system operates within its energy limits. The deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm is utilized to maximise the average net bit rate and estimate the channel and energy harvesting conditions in an unknown environment. Extensive simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the EBi2ER protocol and achieve a significant improvement of up to 49.88% in the net bit rate compared to a greedy benchmark scheme.