A Review on Secure Authentication Protocols in IOV: Algorithms, Protocols, and Comparisons

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is an emerging technological advancement with the potential to significantly transform the automotive industry and transportation networks. Its primary objective is to facilitate communication among vehicles, infrastructure, and a wide range of networked devices. The increasing number of connected vehicles has led to a growing worry among researchers on the security of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). This topic has become a prominent area of study due to the unresolved difficulties around security and privacy in the IoV. The primary focus lies on security because to the diverse range of security and privacy risks that have the potential to jeopardize the well-being, privacy, and lives of individuals within vehicles. The development of communication protocols for autonomous cars presents novel issues in the exploration and enhancement of IoV networks' performance. These challenges aim to bolster security and privacy measures, while also ensuring the integrity, validity, and secrecy of the sent data. This study presents a comprehensive examination of various symmetric and asymmetric encryption and decryption methods, as well as lightweight cryptographic protocols employed in the context of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). This paper provides a comprehensive examination and elucidation of security and privacy issues, along with the corresponding remedial measures that have been recently recommended. The content is provided in a manner that is easily comprehensible to the reader. The present study offers a comprehensive analysis of risks, attacks, protocols, and solutions within the realm of collaborative cryptographic algorithms. Through a systematic examination, distinct categories are provided to facilitate a clear understanding of these key components.