Disturbing Bit-transition Using History-based Mechanism against Power Analysis Attacks

With the proliferation of IoT edge devices in recent years, there is a growing demand for lightweight tamper-resistant designs. This paper proposes History-based Wave Flip-Flop (HW-FF), a history-based bit-transition disturbing mechanism that improves upon the previous research of Wave Flip-Flop (W-FF) and achieves tamper-resistance comparable to Wave Dynamic Differential Logic (WDDL), which requires significant circuit modifications and additions. In our evaluation, it was confirmed that HW-FF maintains a mere 2% increase in area compared to W-FF in ASIC implementation.