Side-Channel Vulnerabilities in Discrete Ziggurat Sampler in Post-Quantum Cryptography

Discrete Ziggurat (DZ) method is known for its effectiveness in post-quantum cryptography with lattices. However, the side channel was found to be vulnerable to attackers. Despite various prevention techniques, the effectiveness of information leakage is still very high. In this regard, numerous and appropriate prevention methods were proposed by modifying the existing ziggurat method in a way that the attacker does not get any information from the channel. This paper critically reviews current side-channel attacks in a discrete ziggurat-based lattice cryptosystem.