Development of an Intelligent Carbon Emission Monitoring Methodology to Support Carbon Trading with A Design Thinking Approach: A Case Study in PT Paiton Energy

The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of Indonesia announced that carbon trading in the first phase would be implemented in 2023, starting with coal-fired power plants. PT Paiton Energy is one of the coal-fired power plants obliged to participate in the carbon trading mechanism according to government regulations. Currently, PT Paiton Energy utilizes Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems (CEMS) for carbon emission calculations. However, PT Paiton Energy has not yet adopted a decision support system for carbon trading in the implementing carbon trading scheme. Additionally, the power plant has not developed an emission monitoring system that can predict emissions for future periods and provide efforts for carbon emission optimization. Based on these circumstances, this research focuses on developing a methodology using the design thinking approach to develop a carbon emission prediction model, a carbon emission optimization model, and a decision-making system for carbon trading. The design thinking approach is employed to ensure that the developed system aligns with the needs and expectations of stakeholders and to generate innovative and effective solutions for optimizing carbon emissions. The result of this research is the development of a methodology capable of designing a carbon emission monitoring system for carbon emission optimization in support of carbon trading using a design thinking approach. This outcome was achieved through a process aligned with the design thinking method. By employing this method, the research output can focus on user needs through an empathetic approach, enabling immediate implementation by PT Paiton Energy in constructing a monitoring system capable of carbon emission prediction and optimization.