Ranking of Human Factors in the Incidence of Road Crashes Based on Fuzzy Decision-Making Technique (a Case Study in Southern Italy)

Crashes and the resulting damage are major issues in most countries' road transportation. Several factors play a role in causing road crashes and have been identified by researchers. One of the most significant factors in causing road accidents is the role of humans as drivers. Human errors play a key role in road crashes. So, the main aim of this research is to find, study, and rank some of the most significant human factors so that, with a good understanding of how important they are, solutions can be found to reduce road crashes. For this purpose, after examining and identifying the most common human factors, 15 factors that can have the greatest impact on road accidents were selected. An evaluation model was also used to evaluate and rank these factors using a combination of the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is one of the best ways to make decisions. The study was conducted on urban roads in Cosenza, located in the southern region of Italy. The obtained results indicated that the Drug and alcohol use (A9) and the Gender (A2) had the greatest and least impact on causing road crashes, respectively. Finally, some solutions were proposed to improve road safety in current situation.