Utilizing Internet of Things for Automating Food Security and Savvy Agriculture: A Review

Food security, a concept rooted in the 1970s, emphasizes ensuring the global availability and affordability of essential food items. Agriculture, land, and water stand as vital resources for human survival. However, their contamination resulting from urbanization, cultivation, and chemical usage hinders optimal production quality. In this context, the adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm has been increasingly prevalent across sectors, with agriculture benefiting from improved productivity and reduced planting costs. This comprehensive study delves into the significance of IoT in agribusiness, surveying its fundamental components and addressing prevailing challenges. Specifically, it comprehensively covers the IoT ecosystem in agriculture, encompassing the employment of drones/UAVs, pertinent protocols, and networking challenges. Through this extensive review, we aim to shed light on the manifold opportunities and complexities associated with leveraging IoT for automated food security and savvy agriculture.