Assessment of Microclimatic Alteration and Their Impact Using Crop Level Data Through Experimental Prototype of Agro Photovoltaic System

Agrivoltaic (or) Agrophotovoltaic system is a rapidly growing land productivity method by using photovoltaic (PV) panels in agriculture. The vertical panel positioning and the tilted panel positioning are the design methods, which are placed on land looking after solar resources and the type of crop which is to be grown. The agrivoltaic is contributing to the expansion of renewable energy production. Every crop has a different habitat, some are grown in wintry weather conditions, and some are in hot conditions. To grow the crops suitable soil, temperature, humidity, moisture containing soil are required. And due to alterations in microclimatic conditions, the crops are getting affected, so the crop yield is continuously decreasing. To avoid this situation and increase the productivity of land, solar panels are placed on agricultural land to generate a double source of income. This term is said to be the double use of land productivity. While using the PV panels in agricultural land, how the shadow is affecting the crops and what will be the crop level temperature, and humidity condition is to be measured and analysed by this project. To measure the temperature, humidity, moisture, and the PV panel output voltage, current a microcontroller-based data logger is designed. The data logger function is to collect the temperature, humidity, and soil moisture data under the PV panel and open surface. After analysing the data from open surfaces and under PV panels the data will elaborate the knowledge of the agrivoltaic in Indian weather conditions. Also the PV panel, voltage, and current measurement when it is directly connected to the load side are to be calculated through sensors.