Existing Status and Prospects of Research on Medical Electromagnetic Field Driven Micro-Robots

Electromagnetic field-driven micro-robots are a class of robots ranging in size from centimeter to nanometer scale, driven by magnetization with an applied external gradient magnetic field or uniform magnetic field in a low Reynolds number environment to achieve precise path tracking control of targets. In biomedical experiments, electromagnetically driven microrobots have solved the drug overdose and off-target delivery problems in traditional drug delivery methods, providing an efficient solution for clinical biomedical treatments equipped with observation and control systems, and with the continuous emergence of new structural materials and magnetic drive systems, the motion efficiency and targeting accuracy have been significantly improved. Based on the analysis of the motion structures and drive systems of different magnetic microrobots, the current research status and development trend of magnetic microrobots for biomedical applications are discussed. With the continuous progress of electromagnetically driven microrobot research, it creates a wide range of application prospects in important biomedical applications such as microassembly, cell surgery, and targeted drug delivery.