Microstrip Patch Antenna Based Hairtail Fish Freshness Detection: A Novel Approach

This paper proposes a novel and non-invasive approach for detecting the freshness of Hairtail fish using a compact microstrip patch antenna operating at 2.45 GHz. The antenna, with dimensions of
$38.6\ \text{mm}\times 47.6\ \text{mm}\times 1.6\ \text{mm}$
, was used to measure the resonant frequency and return loss of fresh and stale fish at different distances. The results indicate that the proposed method is reliable and effective for detecting the freshness of fish, which is important for reducing food waste and ensuring food safety. This method offers a practical solution for the seafood industry to monitor and maintain the quality of their products during transportation and storage.