Performance Analysis of FSO Communication System Using NRZ-MSK-PSK Hybrid Modulation Techniques

Free-space optical (FSO) communication systems have gained significant attention in recent years due to their high-speed data transfer capabilities and immunity to electromagnetic interference. However, FSO systems are susceptible to atmospheric turbulence, leading to degradation in system performance. This degradation can be mitigated or reduced with the employment of suitable modulation techniques that offers a steady envelope, lowering the sensitivity to atmospheric turbulence and enhancing BER. In this study, a hybrid modulation scheme that combines the Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ), Minimum Shift Keying (MSK), and Phase Shift Keying (PSK) approaches is introduced and the performance analysis of an FSO system, based on this technique is carried out. Results obtained show that this technique is useful to overcome the difficulties of changing atmospheric conditions, such as scintillation and fading. The dependability of FSO systems can be boosted by combining various modulation techniques because they enable larger data rates, better error handling, and increased resistance against atmospheric disturbances. The performance parameters of BER and Q-factor are analyzed under various atmospheric conditions using Optisystem 13.0 software as simulation software.