A solar tracking system with light-dependent resistors and a stepper motor controlled by a microcontroller

Solar energy is a clean and simple method of electricity generation. This electricity is utilized for various purposes, ranging from modest electrical gadgets and cars to major enterprises, satellites, and space exploration. The title of this project, "Solar tracking system with light-dependent resistors and a stepper motor controlled by a microcontroller" alludes to the project’s purpose, which is to harvest as much solar energy as possible from a solar panel throughout the day using a specific Sun tracking mechanism. To do this, a mechanism was developed that tracks the sun’s position and rotates the solar panel correspondingly so that it receives maximum sunlight at all times of the day. This is accomplished by mounting a stepper motor and a couple of light-dependent resistors (LDRs) on the solar panel, which adjusts its orientation based on the location of the sun. This project has three primary components: the solar panel, the stepper motor, and the LDRs. Microcontroller, sensor, and stepper motor. For this aim, an Arduino UNO microcontroller has been utilized. It accepts an output signal from a sensor as input, processes it, and controls stepper motors based on the supplied program. A stepper motor is attached to the shaft on which a panel is positioned to raise and lower the panel. Since maximal solar rays always strike the surface of the solar panel module, it is possible to obtain maximum power output, increasing its total efficiency as compared to the static panel.