Finite Control Sets Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) Implementation in PV Converter System for Maintaining The DC Bus Voltage

Photovoltaic (PV) panels are becoming increasingly attractive for use in DC microgrids as they are one of the Renewable Energy Source (RES) harvesting devices that are becoming cheaper. In most cases, the PV system is operated in Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) mode, which extracts the maximum amount of energy in the form of electric current to provide to the microgrid. The converter on the battery system is responsible for the distribution, power-sharing, and stability of the DC bus voltage. Therefore, the battery converter system plays a crucial role, as any disturbance in this system can disrupt the stability of the DC microgrid system and potentially cause it to fail. In addition to extracting maximum sunlight energy, PV systems can also maintain the bus voltage with proper treatment. This ensures that the system remains stable even if the battery system fails for a limited time, provided that solar radiation conditions are sufficient to handle the load. Several methods for maintaining the bus voltage using PV systems have been proposed in the literature. However, the time response of the systems needs improvement to become faster. This paper aims to address this issue by proposing a modifying objective function variable implemented in Finite Control Sets Model Predictive Control (FCS MPC). The objective function is derived from the PV inductor current’s Integral Absolute Error (IAE). In contrast, the current reference is obtained from integrating the PV boost converter’s output voltage error. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through Simulink Matlab simulation, which demonstrates its ability to maintain bus voltage even in the battery system converter is unavailable.