An Optimized RPL Protocol for Energy Efficient IoT Networks

When it comes to prolonging network lifetime, routing is a crucial element of Internet of Things (IoT). The IPv6 routing protocol for low power and lossy networks, or RPL, is used as the IoT's standard routing protocol. It is used to identify nodes with limited resources (such as energy, memory, processing power, and bandwidth). While balancing energy usage throughout the process of choosing the preferred parents, the standard RPL routing protocol does not take into consideration the possibility that some loaded nodes' batteries could deplete more quickly than those of other nodes. Additionally, the original RPL routing protocol uses more control packets than is required, which drains the nodes' energy and reduces the network's lifespan. In order to solve these issues, the author of this paper developed an Energy and Load aware RPL (EL-RPL) routing protocol for IoT networks based on the optimal parent selection. A new Objective Function (OF) known as Energy-OF (EOF) is created by combining the maximum amount of residual energy with the total number of packets received by the parent. In networks, EOF chooses the parent node from the direction of the destination node using the Jelly Fish Optimization Algorithm (JFO). This might make it easier for all of the parents on the parents' list to distribute their workloads more fairly. The suggested protocol enhances the DODAG creation by restricting the transmission of DIO packets to nodes with lower ranks. In this approach, the suggested protocol improves the DODAG. The energy savings will result in a longer network lifespan. The effectiveness of the EL-RPL routing protocol was tested in a number of experiments using the OMNeT++ network simulator.