Low-Loss Multi-Beam Large Phased Array Architecture

This paper presents a novel architecture to achieve multi-beam scanning for large arrays. The proposed phased array architecture benefits from low-RF complexity and low-loss feeding network. This phased array architecture works based on one 90-degree hybrid coupler behind each two antenna elements to excite them orthogonally and make two independent radiation beams. The phase shifting mechanism is applied by the phase shifters, placed on the 90-degree hybrid's input ports. To validate the performance of the proposed architecture, a $4^{\ast} 2$ patch antenna array excited by liquid crystal phase shifters is manufactured and measured. The measurement result shows two independent beams are scanning up to ±20° over the elevation angle.