Electrostatic Ion-Acoustic Waves in a Magnetized Positively Charged Dust Plasma in the Presence of Trapped Electrons

Oblique propagation of modified ion-acoustic (MIA) solitary and shock waves in magnetized dusty plasmas has been investigated theoretically. The plasma system is assumed to contain hot trapped electrons following vortex-like Schamel distribution function, warm ions, and positively charged dust (PCD) species. The linear dispersion relation for the MIA wave has been obtained. The Korteweg–de Vries (K-dV), such as Schamel equation (also known as modified K-dV equation) and modified Burgers equation, has been derived by employing the reductive perturbation method along with their corresponding solutions, which enable us to study the waves analytically and numerically. The basic features (amplitude, width, speed, polarity, and obliqueness) of ion-acoustic nonlinear waves are found to be significantly modified by different plasma parameters and are discussed briefly. The considered plasma system supports compressive solitary and shock waves only. The presence of hot trapped electrons, PCD, and warm ions raises the wave amplitude, whereas the inclusion of an external magnetic field widens the wave. The increasing viscosity of a medium broadens the wave. The findings of this investigation may be implied in interpreting various nonlinear phenomena formed in many space environments, such as aurora and Saturn’s rings, and laboratory devices, such as tokamaks.