Blockchain Electoral Vote Counting Solutions: A Comparative Analysis of Methods, Constraints, and Approaches

Blockchain technology in electronic voting has emerged as an alternative to other electronic and paper-based voting systems to minimize inconsistencies and redundancies. However, past experiences indicate limited success due to scalability, speed, and privacy issues. This systematic literature review examines the methods, constraints, and approaches in the existing literature on blockchain-based electoral vote-counting solutions. A thorough search of pertinent databases was performed, and selected studies were assessed based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review's findings reveal that most existing solutions employ smart contracts and various cryptographic algorithms to create secure and transparent voting systems. However, the study also pinpoints areas that require improvement, such as scalability, privacy, and accessibility. The review recommends exploring different combinations of blockchain platforms, cryptographic algorithms, and programming languages to develop secure and transparent voting systems. Additionally, future research could investigate the potential benefits and challenges of incorporating Internet of Things (IoT) devices, consensus mechanisms, and other technologies into the voting process. The review concludes that more research is needed to enhance the security and transparency of blockchain-based voting systems.