Blockchain Intelligence for Internet of Vehicles: Challenges and Solutions

With the development of communication and networking technologies, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has become the foundation of smart transportation. The development of blockchain and Machine Learning (ML) has contributed to the pervasiveness of the IoV, and they can effectively address the current issues of decentralisation, cyber security and data privacy in the IoV. In this article, blockchain and ML in the IoV are both reviewed, and corresponding technologies to support blockchain intelligence in the IoV are summarized. Importantly, blockchain intelligence is proposed as a key to integrate blockchain and ML, combining the advantages of both to drive the rapid development of the IoV. We discuss general frameworks, issuses, requirements and advantages for the implementation of blockchain intelligence in the IoV. Driven by its advantages, we summarize solutions of blockchain intelligence in the IoV from four aspects, including reliable interaction, network security and data privacy, trustworthy environment and scalability. Finally, a summary of current unresolved issues and challenges of blockchain intelligence in the IoV is presented, which provides guidelines for the future development of the IoV.