Machine Learning Techniques for Analysis of Mars Weather Data

The exploration of Mars has provided vast amounts of weather data that present unique challenges for analysis and prediction. To address these challenges, this research paper focuses on the application of machine learning techniques for the analysis of Mars weather data. The objective is to develop models that can effectively extract patterns, uncover hidden relationships, and enable accurate predictions in the Martian weather system. The research begins with a comprehensive review of the available Mars weather data. The dataset, consisting of historical records, serves as the foundation for training and evaluating machine learning models. The analysis of the Mars weather dataset reveals the planet's icy and harsh climate, with average maximum temperatures of around -21°C and average minimum temperatures of -80°C. The temperature variations show that the minimum temperature fluctuates within a narrower range of 20-30°C over the course of Mars sols from 0 to 2000, while the maximum temperature experiences larger variations of about 40-50°C. During this time, the atmospheric pressure on Mars fluctuates between 720 Pa and 950 Pa. In addition, using the elbow method revealed that 3 clusters were the ideal number for identifying distinct patterns in the weather data. The linear regression model also attained an accuracy of 85%, demonstrating its efficacy in forecasting weather patterns on Mars.