Development of Energy Efficient Routing Protocol using Genetic Algorithm for IoMT

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has evolved as a promising healthcare monitoring and management solution. However, the efficient management of IoMT sensor nodes' energy consumption, fault tolerance, and optimal routing of data packets are still challenging issues. We developed an Energy Efficient Routing Protocol using Genetic Algorithm (GA) with Dual Cluster Heads to address these challenges. IoMT sensor Nodes' energy factor and node-sink distance are considered as fitness parameters. The recommended protocol includes a dual cluster head mechanism that allocates two cluster heads to each cluster in order to ensure fault tolerance and load balancing. Additionally, the proposed GA-based optimisation method is used to improve the choice of cluster heads (CHs) based on the residual energy of the nodes and the distance to their sinks. The experimental simulation outcome is presented in the form of energy efficiency and network lifespan, and the suggested methodology outperforms the existing routing based methods.