Toward Distributed Collaborative Rendering Service for Immersive Mobile Web

The offloading of rendering to remote servers in resource-constrained devices is a promising strategy for developing mobile web-based immersive applications. However, achieving satisfactory delay experiences in large-scale mobile web-based immersive applications by solely offloading rendering to the cloud or edge servers can be challenging due to congestion in the core network and the lack of concurrent computing ability. To address these issues, we propose a distributed and collaborative rendering service (DCR) framework for mobile web-based immersive applications. The DCR framework constructs a collaborative rendering service architecture that includes cloud, edge, and terminal computing nodes, which can effectively alleviate the computing and transmission pressure on remote computing nodes and adapt to various immersive service environments. To achieve rendering offload between computing nodes, DCR proposes an approach of intermediate structure rendering offload based on JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) data format, which requires fewer computing and network resources. Additionally, the DCR deploys a new 3D model loading engine based on rendering intermediate JSON data communication, which provides dynamic, on-demand, asynchronous, and discrete rendering data services to the mobile web browsers.