Adaptive Anti-Surge Control Strategy for PEM Fuel Cell Vehicle With Online Surge Detection

In this study, an online adaptive anti-surge control (OAASC) strategy is proposed for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell system. Insufficient attention has been given to the issue of the surge in the air supply system, which can damage the compressor and stack, reducing the fuel cell vehicle’s (FCV’s) efficiency and lifespan. The OAASC approach employs a multiple time-domain sliding window technique and characteristic energy-based correction to detect and adaptively contain surges before they become serious. A dynamic model of the fuel cell air supply system with surge prediction is established using a two-stage parameter identification process and is verified through 60 kW fuel cell engine (FCE) experiments. Simulation and experimental comparisons between OAASC and standard industrial methods are conducted to evaluate the proposed method’s performance. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed strategy improves control performance, with surges being detected within 0.2 s and recovering within 0.5 s.