A Survey on Hardware Security: Current Trends and Challenges

Hardware security has become a critical concern due to the globalization of the Integrated Circuit (IC) supply chain and the complex network connections of computing-intensive devices. Hardware security is essential in the modern world, as more and more connectivity of the Internet of Things (IoT) has paved the way for improvements in personalized healthcare, communication between home (or office) equipment, and the promise of self-driving cars, airplanes, and smart grid systems. As a result, recently, this field has attracted particular attention from the researcher. A significant amount of research has already been conducted to detect, defend, and create resiliency against hardware attacks. This paper investigates different hardware security approaches in the state-of-the-art literature and outlines their advantages and drawbacks. This paper also provides a comprehensive study of hardware security attacks, and their features, and categorizes different attack types. Finally, it presents the current challenges of the hardware security field and the impact of each one on the IC production supply chain.