Optimal Energy Management System of Dual-Motor Electric Vehicles With Longitudinal Dynamic Characteristic Consideration

Recently, multi-motor electric vehicles (EVs) gain much attraction from both academics and industry as they offer prospective advantages in performance and efficiency improvement thanks to the torque-split configuration. Such EVs can enhance the energy consumed throughout normal operation by using a suitable torque distribution system. However, researches on conventional energy management system regularly do not take into account the dynamics of the vehicle, particularly the loss caused by the slip phenomenon of the wheel on the road. Dealing with dual-motor all-wheel-driven EVs, we propose an efficiency-based optimal strategy considering longitudinal vehicle dynamics for improving energy consumption by formulating an energetic cost function that links the energy management and the motion control of EVs. For that, the proposed strategy optimally distributes the required total torque to the front and rear axles to maximize the efficiencies of traction motors in both acceleration and deceleration duration. Software simulation and experiment are carried out on multiple testing scenarios to validate the performance of the proposal. The results show that the proposed distribution strategy can save from 4.4% to 18.8% of consumed energy, compared to several other management strategies described in the article.