Integrated IoT Reference Architecture for Smart Metering and Monitoring of City Water Distribution Using Next Generation Sensors

Water has fundamental impoitance for life on earth. Adequate water supplies are essential for human consumption, agriculture, industry, and recreation. However, freshwater is rapidly being depleted due to natural and anthropogenic activi-ties. According to the water aid repoit of 2016 in lndia, about 76 million people have no access to safe drinking water. Over the years, contaminated rivers and poor storage infrastructure created a water deficit that may become unmanageable in the future. As there is rapid growth in the population in urban areas, the water consumption is increasing at exponential rate. To maintain a good supply to demand ratio, it is critical to have technologies in place to prevent water loss. Therefore, we proposed an Iot system that has been integrated with a TDS sensor to measure the total dissolved solids, a pH sensor to measure the pH value, nitrate sensor, fluoride sensor to measure the concentration of respective ions, LoRaWAN flow meter to manually or automatically set the water flow at the water station. At each house chlorine and flow, a sensor is connected and monitored. The system has a Bluetooth connection as well as a server connection which has been integrated with the android application to monitor the purifier remotely, lf the water quality is not good the aleit messages will be sent to the administrator and consumer to the android application.