A Survey on Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm (FOA) in Robust Secure Color Image Watermarking

recent improvement of Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm (FOA) is attracting attention of many researchers' studies especially in watermarking and securing the color images. This review focuses on the recent improvements and uses of FOA within the last ten years. Inspired by the behavior of fruit flies, FOA was been originally proposed by Pan for the first time. The major contribution of this algorithm is finding the maximal and minimal values of a function. By using FOA, the solutions can be found correctly and easily. FOA is not only easy to understand, but also it is easy to be write into a program code. Compared to other algorithms, FOA code is not too long; hence, it is easy to use with all kinds of optimization problems, fast convergence and fewer control variables. Because of these advantages, FOA became a good robustness and applicability. However, and during FOA implementations, some deficiencies raised, thus numbers of improvements has applied in order to overcome its deficiencies as the literature review shows. In addition, FOA has utilized in different fields such as cyber security. FOA become very popular so in this field many numerous studies have been reviewed that related to FOA algorithm in watermarking.