Systems and Challenges in Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Wind Power: A Review

Offshore wind power (OWP) doubles the cost of maintenance and operation compared to the onshore one almost, which is due to the unique environment of OWP, uncertain unit reliability, low operational and maintenance team professionalism, and lack of the capabilities of remote fault diagnosis and early warning. The existing literature reviews focus on a certain field of offshore wind power operation and maintenance, but lack a comprehensive introduction to offshore wind power. This paper divides the operation, maintenance and optimization of OWP into three aspects: the optimization of OWP plant electromechanical components, analysis and resolution of overall problems, and evaluation of environmental impact and development. Overview are all important aspects to consider for OWP. The paper aims to describe comprehensively the challenges and technological innovations in operating and maintaining OWP, including systems and components utilized in OWP plants and the entire operation and maintenance process. This review will help readers who want to learn more about the field of offshore wind power or find out what the future holds, what the technology is, and what the problems are.