Intelligent Spectrum Sharing Between LTE and Wi-Fi Networks using Muted MBSFN Subframes

Due to the fast growth of diverse wireless network deployments, the radio spectrum is becoming scarce. Hence, it is beneficial that different radio access technologies share the spectrum in a harmonious way. In this paper, we propose a co-existence scheme between Long Term Evolution (LTE) and Wi-Fi networks that utilizes a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) over a Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) feature of an LTE network. MBSFN is an LTE feature that provides support for multicast/broadcast traffic. We propose an adaptive scheme that configures muted subframes, initially intended for MBSFN operation, to allow Wi-Fi transmissions. For the adaptive configuration of muted MBSFN subframes, the LTE eNB uses its traffic queue and the Wi-Fi spectrum occupancy information, which is determined by a convolutional neural network-based technology recognition and traffic characterization system. The standard LTE System Information Blocks are used to convey the updated configuration to the LTE UE. Hence, the proposed coexistence scheme doesn’t require any modifications to a standard MBSFN-compliant LTE UE. Performance analysis is done for various traffic situations, and the results show that muted MBSFN subframe-based coexistence gives a 15% improvement in average aggregated throughput as compared to using Almost Blank Subframe-based coexistence.