Robust Inter-Turn Short-Circuit Fault Detection in PMSGs With Respect to the Bandwidths of Current and Voltage Controllers

Reliable inter-turn short-circuit (ITSC) fault detection is essential for permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs). The harmonics in machine currents and voltages are affected by the bandwidths of dual-loop controllers, which may lead to the failure of ITSC fault detection based on the current or voltage signature analysis. In this article, a robust method for ITSC fault detection is proposed to deal with this problem. First, the mathematical model of PMSG with ITSC fault is established. Then, the behaviors of the second-order harmonics in
dq
-axis currents,
dq
-axis voltages, and dc-link voltage with respect to the bandwidths of current and voltage controllers are investigated. After that, a reliable detection method based on two fault detection indicators and adaptive to the bandwidth changes of dual-loop controllers is proposed. The first indicator is simple and easy when only the bandwidth of the current controller changes, and the other one weights and sums the second harmonics in
q
-axis current,
q
-axis voltage, and dc-link voltage to ensure the robustness and improve the accuracy of ITSC detection when both the bandwidths of current and voltage controllers change. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by experiments.