Non-intrusive Load Monitoring for Household Energy Disaggregation: A State-of-the-Art

The continual rise in energy consumption has become a significant issue for power systems. Hence it is important to promote energy saving and reduce consumption for solving this problem. Also, finding solutions to enhance energy efficiency is crucial due to the increase in global energy demand. To improve the effectiveness of a power system network, it is important to monitor, manage, and regulate electrical energy needs on a real-time consumption basis. The development of smart homes includes energy management as a key component. A reliable appliance load monitoring (ALM) system is important for the smart energy management framework. ALM’s objectives include achieving comprehensive energy sensing and disseminating data on energy use. This will make it possible for automated energy management systems to identify appliances that use higher energy. Thereby enabling them to implement energy saving methods such as rescheduling the high power demand to off-peak hours. Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) is one of the most popular energy management strategies in recent years. It enables customers and industries to effectively control their energy use. Utilizing a single energy meter, the NILM technology has gained popularity as an emerging method for tracking events (on/off) and energy use of electrical services and appliances in buildings. Consumers might better understand their appliance behaviour and take the appropriate actions to reduce energy consumption with the aid of information on energy consumption at the appliance level. Hence, the main objective of this paper is to present a comprehensive review of energy management monitoring approaches with an emphasis on non-intrusive load monitoring.