Printed Devices for Wearable Biosensors: Laboratory to Emerging Markets

Advances in flexible electrochemical sensors have opened up opportunities for various applications, such as biomedical and fitness monitoring. This brief review explores the key advancements in printed wearable electrochemical sensing systems, including an analysis of literature trends, printing strategies (flexographic, screen, and inkjet printing techniques), recent applications of printed wearable biosensors (epidermal sensing films and patches, textile platforms, and biofuel cell (BFC) energy devices), their relative merits, and perspectives on this emerging technology. This article also provides an overview of sensing systems and concludes with a synopsis of the market drivers for printed and flexible sensors.