Comparative Analysis of Smart Cities based Architecture, Applications, Technologies, & Challenges in Internet of Things

With the increasing urbanization of people on day-to-day basis, the cities have developed issues that need a smart solution to overcome them with the aid of the IoT and transform cities into smart cities. Firstly, this paper describes different IoT architecture, data processes in IoT-based multi- level smart city architecture, and IoT applications in smart cities from healthcare, smart infrastructure, mobility, energy, environmental monitoring, and many more. Secondly, it presents the existing techniques in the IoT-enabled smart cities, and thirdly the projects from around the globe, a comparison of communication technologies in IoT is discussed. Finally, some open research challenges are identified in current research work.